The state capital of Baden-Württemberg is the center of the Middle Neckar economic area. It lies with the center in a basin of the Neckar and extends with its suburbs to the heights of the adjacent plateaus.
Leading industrial sectors are vehicle construction, the manufacture of electrical appliances and the electronics industry. Mineral springs are used in the Bad Cannstatt and Berg districts. Stuttgart emerged from a stately stud farm before 950, became a town in 1219 and has been the residence of the Counts of Württemberg since 1482.
The capital of the federal state of Baden-Württemberg Stuttgart is located in a valley basin that opens to the northeast towards the Neckar at an altitude of around 245 m. The development extends far up to the plateaus of the Strohgäus, Filder and Schönbuch. With more than 600,000 residents, it is the largest city in Baden-Württemberg.
Due to its basin location, Stuttgart suffers from particularly severe urban climatic problems:
Due to the low air exchange in the valley, the city has relatively high annual average temperatures. In addition, there is lower rainfall, which comes from the lee location caused by the Black Forest and the Swabian Alb. All of this can lead to pronounced inversion weather conditionsto lead. Then the air pollutants generated by industry, households and traffic remain in the valley for a particularly long time. A cloud of haze is created, which often leads to heavy loads on the airways. For urban planning, this means, among other things, not building or restoring the few remaining fresh air corridors and creating more inner-city green spaces.
According to calculatorinc, Stuttgart is the seat of the state government, many state and federal authorities and the second seat of the Catholic bishop of Stuttgart-Rottenburg. In the cultural center there is next to the Universities of Stuttgart and Hohenheim since 1998, the Daimler-Benz Corporate University, several other universities and the Max Planck Institute and the FRAUNHOFER Institute. Of the numerous museums, the Landesmuseum, the Museum für Völkerkunde, the Neue Staatsgalerie and the Museum für Naturkunde in Rosenstein Castle deserve special mention. The Stuttgart Ballet of the Württemberg State Theater is world famous. In addition to the observatory and planetarium, the zoological-botanical garden (Wilhelma) attracts many visitors every year.
Economy
Stuttgart is the center of the Middle Neckar economic area. The leading branches of industry in the city and the economic area are vehicle construction, electrotechnical and electronic industries. A number of well-known industrial groups in these sectors, such as Daimler-Crysler, Bosch and Porsche, have their headquarters here. There is also a wide range of mechanical engineering, companies in the precision engineering and optical industries as well as the textile, clothing, food and luxury goods industries. Stuttgart is also known for numerous printing companies and publishers.
Bad Cannstatt on the Neckar and the Berg district have the second largest mineral water in Europe. In Cannstatt there is also one of the most famous and largest folk festivals in Germany, the “Cannstatter Wasen”. The Killesberg Park, with its trade fair and exhibition grounds, chairlift, restaurants and observation tower, is a great place to relax. Stuttgart International Airport is located in Leinfelden-Echterdingen, and there is a port on the canalised Neckar.
Cityscape
Despite severe war damage, Stuttgart is rich in remarkable buildings and squares, including the Renaissance building of the (essentially medieval) Old Palace and the baroque New Palace, Schillerplatz with the Old Chancellery, the Prinzenbau, Stiftsfruchtkasten and the Schiller monument as well as the classicist Wilhelmspalais. The rococo-style summer palace Solitüde is located west of Stuttgart.
With the Weißenhofsiedlung built in 1926/27 and the Tagblatt Tower, Stuttgart has outstanding modern buildings.
After the Second World War, exemplary representative, residential, office and industrial buildings were and are being built in Stuttgart by well-known domestic and foreign architects.
History
Stuttgart emerged from the stately Stuotgarte stud mentioned before 950. It has had town charter since 1286 and in 1482 became the capital and residence of the county, later of the Duchy of Württemberg. The industrialization that began around 1800 and the central location in the Württemberg railway network led to rapid population growth.
